The park was established in 1984 and named after a narrow break in the cliffs, once a tributary of a prehistoric lake. The park is notable for its variety of wildlife and scenery. Its proximity to Nairobi and lowered park fees attract people into the park. It is one of the 2 Kenyan parks that hiking, cycling and motorcycling are encouraged. The park hosts the geothermal power stations at Olkaria.
The main setting of the animated film The Lion King is heavily modeled after the park, which several of the film’s lead crew members had visited in order to study and gain an appreciation of the environment for the film.